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Communication around limited illness awareness works best when it is curious, concrete and respectful. Asking what the person has noticed can reveal shared concerns even when explanations differ. A supporter can acknowledge distress without agreeing…Continue Reading

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Treatment engagement means maintaining a workable relationship with services and participating in decisions about care. Limited awareness of illness can make engagement difficult when the person does not see a reason for treatment. Side effects…Continue Reading

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Researchers investigate whether impaired illness awareness is related to brain systems involved in self-monitoring, error detection and updating beliefs about oneself. These processes help people compare expectations with experience. Anosognosia is also studied in neurological…Continue Reading

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A person may recognise some experiences as symptoms while interpreting others as external reality. Someone might identify voices as related to illness yet remain convinced of a persecutory belief. Awareness can also change with symptom…Continue Reading

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Awareness of illness concerns whether someone recognises that changes in perception, thinking or functioning may reflect a health condition. A person may notice that life has become difficult but attribute the cause entirely to outside…Continue Reading

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Social cognition concerns understanding other people and social situations. It includes recognising emotion, interpreting intentions and considering another person’s perspective. Difficulties may make facial expressions or ambiguous interactions harder to read. These processes are related…Continue Reading

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Executive functions coordinate thinking and action toward a goal. They include planning, switching between tasks, inhibiting an unhelpful response and checking whether a strategy is working. Difficulties may appear when someone understands individual steps but…Continue Reading

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Processing speed is the rate at which someone can take in information and produce an appropriate response. Slower processing may create a noticeable delay in answering questions, reading instructions or completing routine tasks. It does…Continue Reading

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Working memory holds and manipulates information for a short period. It allows someone to remember an instruction while carrying it out, follow the beginning of a sentence while hearing its end or compare options during…Continue Reading

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Attention is the ability to select relevant information and maintain focus while managing distraction. Difficulties may make it hard to follow a conversation, read a page or complete a task in a busy environment. Attention…Continue Reading